Learning objectives

• Describe the indications and techniques for thymectomy
• Manage patients presenting for thymectomy

Definition

• Thymectomy is the resection of the thymus gland
• The thymus can enlarge (myasthenia gravis and thymoma) and harbor malignant cells (thymic carcinoma or neuroendocrine tumors)

Indications

• Most common: Myasthenia gravis and thymoma 
• Less common: Malignant tumors (thymic carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors), benign tumors (thymic cysts), ectopic parathyroid glands

Techniques

• Median Sternotomy
• Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
• Robotic surgery

Video- and robot-assisted approaches are superior to traditional open approaches

Management

Suggested reading

• Bennett B, Rentea RM. Thymectomy. [Updated 2022 Jul 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564302/
• Daum P, Smelt J, Ibrahim IR. Perioperative management of myasthenia gravis. BJA Education. 2021;21(11):414-9.